Drama rural

Drama rural

Drama rural

El drama rural fue un género muy en boga en el teatro español desde finales del siglo XIX y en el primer tercio de siglo. Entre las obras iniciales del mismo se encuentra el inmenso éxito de La Dolores (1892), de José Feliú y Codina (1847-1897), muy difundida luego como libreto de la ópera del mismo título original del maestro Tomás Bretón, Terra baixa (Tierra baja), 1897, del catalán Ángel Guimerá, y La ermita, la fuente y el río de Eduardo Marquina. Las obras de mayor trascendencia del género se deben a Jacinto Benavente, el autor de Señora ama (1908) y La Malquerida (1913), inspirada esta última en Misteri de dolor (1904) de su amigo Adrià Gual; pero no hay que olvidar La moza del llano (1915) de José Andrés de Prada ni La Seca (1922), el gran éxito de José María Álvarez de Sotomayor; con La casa de Bernarda Alba (1936) de Federico García Lorca, el género se universaliza perdiendo su costumbrismo característico y sus referencias a un ambiente local concreto.

El género se halla de alguna manera emparentado con el naturalismo regionalista del siglo XIX, que originó el subgénero de la zarzuela regional que se impone en los primeros años del siglo: La alegría de la huerta, La del soto del Parral, La rosa del azafrán, El Caserío y tantas otras que llenaron de romerías y bailes regionales el genero lírico en aquellos años. Incluso Valle-Inclán cultivó con asiduidad el género, desde El embrujado hasta Divinas palabras.

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