marrano
81JEWISH IDENTITY — Through the ages Jewish identity has been determined by two forces: the consensus of thinking or feeling within the existing Jewish community in each age and the force of outside, often anti Jewish, pressure, which continued to define and to… …
82LOPEZ ROSA — LOPEZ ROSA, Marrano family, members of which suffered at the hands of the Inquisition; possibly to be identified with the family of the same name who had a printing establishment in Lisbon in the middle of the 17th century. The following are… …
83NETHERLANDS, THE (Holland) — NETHERLANDS, THE (Holland), kingdom in N.W. Europe. The Middle Ages It is not known when exactly the Jews settled in the area which is now called The Netherlands. As early as the 11th century one can find some indications of Jewish settlers in… …
84POPULATION — Methodological Uncertainties Because of the great difficulties in ascertaining human population data in general, and Jewish data in particular, especially in ancient and medieval times, a word of caution is even more necessary here than in most… …
85SHIPS AND SAILING — Biblical Period The first sailing vessel mentioned in the Bible is Noah s Ark (see ark of noah ). The Phoenicians first developed marine navigation for purposes of commerce and communication along the sheltered part of the east Mediterranean… …
86VILA REAL — VILA REAL, town in N. central Portugal, in the province of Tras os Montes. Founded in the 13th century, it contains ancient architecture which exhibits Moorish influence. Vila Real became a Crypto Jewish center after the forced conversions of… …
87Benjamin Disraeli — Disraeli redirects here. For other uses, see Disraeli (disambiguation). The Right Honourable The Earl of Beaconsfield KG PC FRS …
88Inquisition — The term Inquisition can refer to any one of several institutions charged with trying and convicting heretics within the Roman Catholic Church and sometimes other offenders against canon law. It may refer to [… …
89Sephardi Jews — akitía was subjected to pervasive, massive influence from Modern Standard Spanish and most Moroccan Jews now speak a colloquial, Andalusian form of Spanish, with only an occasional use of the old language as a sign of in group solidarity,… …
90Jacobo Morales — Infobox actor name = Jacobo Morales birthdate = birth date and age|1934|11|12 location = Lajas, Puerto Rico birthname = spouse = Blanca Silvia Eró yearsactive = 1950 present academyawards = goldenglobeawards = baftaawards = emmyawards = Jacobo… …
